Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove large or stubborn kidney stones. The surgery involves making a small incision in the back to access the kidney, where specialized instruments are used to visualize, break, and remove the stones. PCNL is typically performed under general anesthesia and may involve the temporary placement of tubes to aid in drainage. It is considered an effective option for complex kidney stones, offering a less invasive