Tao: Today there are a lot of very tedious types of mathematics that we don’t like doing, so we look for clever ways to get ...

Abstract: Metaheuristic algorithms have demonstrated strong effectiveness in solving complex real-world optimization problems. This paper presents two discrete metaheuristic approaches for the ...

Abstract: The Airline Scheduling Problem (ASP) has significant economic and operational value in air trans portation management. However, its complexity and dynamics make traditional mixed integer ...