AI & Society, states that algorithmic systems often construct competing but equally valid “model-worlds,” offering empirical support for a philosophical claim that evidence alone cannot uniquely ...

Probability underpins AI, cryptography and statistics. However, as the philosopher Bertrand Russell said, “Probability is the most important concept in modern science, especially as nobody has the ...

Jason Fernando is a professional investor and writer who enjoys tackling and communicating complex business and financial problems. Natalya Yashina is a CPA, DASM with over 12 years of experience in ...

An actuarial life table details the likelihood of an individual dying within the next year. Discover how it predicts mortality risks and helsp determine pricing.

Jay N. Yepuri, MD, MS, FACG, is a board-certified gastroenterologist and member of the Digestive Health Associates of Texas Board of Directors and Executive Committee. A liver function test checks how ...

ARTRANS provides integrated and synchronized Global Deployment and Distribution capabilities to the point of need, delivering innovative transportation solutions on time, every time. Whatever and ...

Established in 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations, the General Assembly occupies a central position as the chief deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations.

401(k) contributions increase in 2025 and 2026, aiding longer-term savings growth. Qualified distributions from a 401(k) start at age 59 1/2 or separation after age 55. Early 401(k) withdrawals incur ...