Size-shifting nanoparticles successfully deliver mRNA medicine to the pancreas

In recent years, mRNA in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA–LNPs) has emerged as a promising strategy for treating numerous conditions ...

Beam-spin asymmetry study puts proton models to the test

Getting an up-close view of life at the cellular level can be as simple as placing onion skin under a microscope and adjusting the knobs. Peering deeper, into the heart of the atoms within, isn't as ...
IEEE

Particle-in-Cell Simulation of the Impact of High-Energy Secondary Electrons on a Ka-Band TM₀₃ Relativistic Backward-Wave Oscillator

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of high-energy secondary electrons on a Ka-band TM03 relativistic backward-wave oscillator (RBWO) using the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation code ...
IEEE

A Simple Space Charge Limited Emission Algorithm for 1-D Particle-in-Cell Simulations

Abstract: Most vacuum electronic devices (VEDs) have cathode emission operating in a space-charge limited regime, indicating that the self-field of space charges limits the current density that can be ...