Field-level analysis examines how ranking algorithms shape consumer trust, visibility, and competition in local service markets using real-world operator data. NUTLEY ...

While public discussion often focuses on platforms themselves or abstract models of algorithmic decision-making, far less attention has been paid to how these systems function within real local ...

Abstract: This letter presents a state estimation algorithm for linear discrete-time systems with state-delay. In order to overcome the difficulty that the traditional Kalman filter cannot estimate ...