Once upon a time, great psychological thinkers bestrode the earth. William James, Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, Fred Skinner, ...

Age, new comorbidities, inflammation, cognitive reserve, and changes in anxiety levels alter drug effects and recovery.

Facial expressions arise from brain networks that encode slow, context-rich meaning and fast muscle control on different time scales, keeping smiles and threats socially precise.

When the world disappoints us, giving up can feel strategic. Research on “lying flat” suggests it often deepens dissatisfaction. Meaning, not withdrawal, may be the better defense.